I tried to make a synthesis of what I know about calcium phosphate crystals. #UrinarySediment
Any opinion is welcome! @zxnboy @JoseTesser @TStehl1 @jrseltzer @GlassockJ
1-Calcium phosphate is the general name of a diferent crystalls and precipitates that can be found in urine.
2- They could be: amorphe calcium phosphates (PACC), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), brushite (hydrogenphosphate calcium dihydrate).
3-They are found in alcaline urine, usually pH >5.9 but Brushite can precipitate at urine pH > 5.5
4- Their clinical significance is related with the frequency in a given patient, their abundance and the type of precipate/crystal identified. Urinary pH and other crystals associated can help us about the etiology.
5- What about their clinical significance?
a) Non clinical significance (represent a transient supersaturated urine)
b) acidification tubular disorders, hypercalciuria, hyperfosphaturia
c) Urinary tract infections
6- And Bruhite? If we found abundant Brushite crystals in a urinary sediment, we must to think about hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia and perhaps ... primary hyperparathyroidism 🤔
7-Urinary sediment is a very useful tool ! (and cheep!!)
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