possessives: the apostrophe, a short thread
in english, the apostrophe serves three purposes:

-to show the omission of one or more letters (i.e contractions such as do not = don’t)
-to mark a noun as possessive (i.e the eagle’s nest, the smiths’ home)
-to pluralize individual characters (i.e mind your p’s and q’s)
in this thread we’ll explore the second point, the possessive case of nouns. the addition of the apostrophe can change the relationship of a noun and an object to one that signifies ownership.

some languages, english included, have possessive forms that derive from nouns or
noun phrases (a short phrase that establishes the noun as the subject) such as jane’s cars’

in the case of possessives, possessive nouns cause great confusion when the noun ends with an ‘s.’

so, the question is: james’ or james’s?
actually, both ways are correct. if the noun you are using to show a possessive case is a proper name that ends with an ‘s’ you can choose to add or omit the ‘s’ after the apostrophe. it’s honestly just a stylistic choice!
only when you have a /plural/ noun that ends in ‘s’ do you add an apostrophe only. i.e the smiths’ home or the boys’ dorm, because the ownership is being shared!

in short: fuck english
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