I was talking with my colleagues Drs. @KrutikaKuppalli and @KindrachukJason the other day about growing appreciation for sexual transmission of #EmergingViruses. Here I am sharing the text from my Emerging Viruses chapter, co-authored by my friend Dr. Ryan Relich of @IUPUI:

"Disease risk assessment for ZIKV focused initially on the ranges of the competent transmission vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus during the 2015 Western Hemisphere epidemic. A single report from 2011 had documented sexual transmission of ZIKV [6423], necessitating..."1/

"...the evaluation of this second modality of viral spread. Sexual transmission of ZIKV was thereafter confirmed to occur in the 2015 epidemic [6542], and epidemiological models were then adapted to reflect these additional dynamics [665]. Viable filoviruses in semen..." 2/

"historically suggested that sexual transmission is plausible for these viruses as well, and this was definitively confirmed for EBOV during the 2014 epidemic in West Africa[5463]. Though sexual transmission has not been described, recent case reports document the detection..."3/

"of YFV, CHIKV, RVFV, LASV, ANDV, WNV, NiV, and SFTSV in the semen of convalescent patients [67–697–9; 7027; 7132; 7234; 7343]. Additionally, sexual transmission of EEEV and JEV following experimental infection or artificial insemination of livestock have been reported for..." 4/

"...avian and porcine systems [7429–7531], though neither virus has been reported in human semen. It is notable that the detection of these viruses in human semen hasve all been described within three 3 years of this writing, indicating that persistence of emerging viruses..."5/

"...in semen may be more common than previously appreciated. Evaluating the extent of their sexual transmission therefore become a matter of urgency." 6/

This is the first ever #EmergingViruses chapter in the Practical Handbook of Microbiology, and is part of the 4th Edition, due to be published next month by @tandfonline. I am grateful to the editors for recognizing this need! end/ https://www.routledge.com/Practical-Handbook-of-Microbiology/Goldman-Green/p/book/9780367567637