Really good study by @scottlincicome going over aspects of American manufacturing and why market-oriented policies are better than some protectionist/security oriented ones: https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/manufactured-crisis-deindustrialization-free-markets-national-security

Nationalists are correct to point out that employment in the manufacturing sector has been declining in the advanced countries

@scottlincicome makes a great point that real output has steadily grown in the past 2 decades

And that investment in the manufacturing sector is growing strong:

Other types of investment in American manufacturing have also been increasing, such as FDI:

More data shows that America is still going strong when it comes to manufacturing and leads the world in many aspects

Pharma manufacturing also has grown immensely since 1997:

The paper cites an IMF study looking at data in 151 countries over 51 years. They find that "tariff increases lead, in the medium term, to economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity"

The paper obviously goes into much more detail and how protectionist policies tend to weaken output and productivity. Again credit to @scottlincicome and @CatoInstitute for the great paper and graphs!