1. Indigenous Taiwanese people make up approx 2% of the population, and there are 16 officially recognized ethnic groups. This video is an Amis man speaking the Amis language, throwing in Mandarin here and there.

2. When people talk about "native Taiwanese," more often than not, what they mean are the Han Chinese whose ancestors migrated to Taiwan prior to 1945, from as early as 400 years ago. These people are called 本省人 (benshengren) in Chinese, which means "people of this province."

3. Taiwan was part of China during the Qing Dynasty until 1895, when it was ceded to Japan in the unequal Treaty of Shimonoseki, and remained a Japanese colony until 1945. When it was returned, new arrivals from the Chinese mainland came to Taiwan to reintegrate it back to China.

4. The difference between these new arrivals, called 外史人 (waishengren - extraprovincial people) and the existing Han Chinese in Taiwan was that benshengren mostly came originally from southern Fujian province, whereas the new mainlanders came from all over the Chinese mainland

5. Then in 1949, when Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan, 2 million ROC troops came with him. This explains why Taiwan's culinary diversity exploded starting in the 1950s. Before then, people in Taiwan didn't eat spicy foods or beef, for example.

6. In short: Indigenous Taiwanese came to Taiwan as early as 10,000 years ago back when there was a land bridge between the Asian continent and Taiwan.

7. Han began migrating to Taiwan during the late Ming and early Qing approx 400 years ago. Han ppl whose ancestors arrived before '45 are called benshengren, and they can be further subdivided into Hoklo and Hakka. Hoklo ppl came from southern Fujian. Hoklo make up the majority.

8. The Han ppl whose families arrived following Japan's defeat, from 1945 until the mid-1950s (some areas were not liberated until the mid-1950s) are called waishengren. Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Ching-kuo, and their descendants are waishengren, for example.

9. Just thought I'd share this to clear up some confusions, since no matter how many times I explain, ppl still don't seem to quite get it, either because it really is that confusing, or because I'm really bad at explaining.