The bottleneck in mRNA vaccine production is making lipid nanoparticles?! "The number of people in the world who know how to get lipids and mRNA to combine into LNPs might be in the low hundreds. And the machines to do it might not be machines at all but one-off lab bench setups" https://twitter.com/jonemo/status/1348521133579018245
If you want more intuitions about why lipid nanoparticles are hard to manufacture, this @Dereklowe post contains useful gesturing at the "forest of picky details" involved in lipid formulations https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2021/01/11/rna-vaccines-and-their-lipids
The author of the vaccine supply chain post just shared an annotated list of recommended further reading, specifically "captivating reads full of interesting behind-the-scenes stories and background information" https://twitter.com/jonemo/status/1352878758001135616