Not only did Jews fight back, but they saved other Jews and even helped liberate the camps. Here's a testimony from Grigorii Elisavetskii, one of the officers who participated in the liberation: https://twitter.com/realstewpeters/status/1348321215656685570
Another Jewish soldier, Semyon Besprozvannyi was martyred on January 26, 1945 while fighting Nazis just outside of Auschwitz. https://www.yadvashem.org/research/research-projects/soldiers/semion-besprozvannyi.html
Anatoly Shapiro: https://www.yadvashem.org/research/research-projects/soldiers/anatolii-anshel-shapiro.html
Usher Margulis (left) was a war correspondent. Later on, he became a nuclear physicist and participated in Chernobyl liquidation.
Last but not least, the artist Zinovy Tolkachev: https://twitter.com/MissPavIichenko/status/1089571295824625665
Yevgeny Khaldei, the photographer who took the legendary photo of the Reichstag flag raising and almost all of your favorite WW2 photos.
(tw Holocaust, d*ath) Abram "Musya" Pinkenson, a Young Pioneer who was martyred by the Nazis with his family. He became famous for playing "The Internationale" on his violin right before his death in defiance of the Nazis and his story inspired books and an animation.
You can watch the cartoon here:
Mosze-Robert Satanowski led the "Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła (Poland Is Not Yet Lost)" partisan brigade in Volyn. They defended the local Polish community against the Nazis and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. After the war, Satanowski became an orchestra conductor.
Alessandro Sinigaglia was a Black Italian Communist partisan. The son of an Italian Jewish father and Black American mother, he fought in the Spanish Civil War and Italian Partisans before being martyred by the fascists in 1944.
Aleksei "Alik" Mardakhayev, a Mountain Jew, destroyed four Nazi tanks and then after the Nazis set fire to his tank, drove the flaming tank into the enemy headquarters.
https://www.yadvashem.org/research/research-projects/soldiers/mugdashi-khizgilov.html Mugdashi Khizgilov was another Mountain Jew with an incredible story. Seriously, just read it.
feel free to add on!
Roza Papo aka the "general with the braids", a doctor, Yugoslav Partisan, and the first female general in the Balkans.
Leonid Volynsky (neé Rabinovich), Soviet writer and artist who saved the Sistine Madonna and other priceless art in Dresden. Here's his account of saving the Sistine Madonna.