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Python decoratorsWhat are they? How do you use them?
Let's find out 
Decorator is a function or a class that wraps another function or class modifying its behavior.So how does that work?
The first thing to know is that everything in Python is an object - functions too
That means they can be passed to another function as an argument or returned from a functionFunctions that take other functions as an argument are called higher-order functions
In Python, you can define a function inside other function - such functions are called inner functions
To create a decorator you just need to apply all of that togetherlog_enter_leave is a decorator.
my_function is the function.
To alter my_function's behavior we reassign it applying log_enter_leave decorator.
To simplify usage of decorators Python offers us syntactic sugar A "pie-decorator" syntax using @
@decorator_name
The only problem here is that my_function now identify as the wrapper functionTo solve that we just need to use wraps from functools
You can decorate classes too.For example, you can dataclass decorator on your class to automatically generate its __init__ and __repr__ methods
You can also use a class as a decoratorDecorator class needs methods:
- __init__
- __call__ (it makes class callable)
For example, decorators are used for registering view functions to the Flask application
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