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If you shine light of high enough energy on to a metal, electrons will be emitted from the metal.
Free radicals are atoms or molecules with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons.
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in your body.
Electron transfer (ET) occurs when an electron relocates from an atom or molecule to another such chemical entity.
Electron transfer results from a combination of oxidation and reduction.
Current is a flow of electrical charge carriers, usually electrons or electron-deficient atoms.
In physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors. Examples are electrons, ions and holes.
An electrical conductor is a substance in which electrical charge carriers, usually electrons, move easily from atom to atom with the application of voltage. Conductivity, in general, is the capacity to transmit something, such as electricity or heat.
Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials in response to applied mechanical stress. The word piezoelectricity means electricity resulting from pressure and latent heat.
The most well known, and the first piezoelectric material used in electronic devices is the quartz crystal.
The golden hue of Golden Healer Quartz is because of the iron oxide trapped inside the crystal.
Liquid Crystal
Some solid properties of crystals carry over into their liquid state. Manipulating the liquid crystal through thermal, acoustical, electrical, magnetic and even mechanical allows scientists to affect its light reflectivity.
Some solid properties of crystals carry over into their liquid state. Manipulating the liquid crystal through thermal, acoustical, electrical, magnetic and even mechanical allows scientists to affect its light reflectivity.
Crystalline silicon is the dominant semiconducting material used in photovoltaic technology for the production of solar cells.
The light rays enter through the transparent electrode of a quantum dot solar cell onto a light absorbing layer of dots in order to generate electron hole pairs. The charged particles then separate and eventually travel to their respective electrodes, producing electric current.
While in the retina, the nanoparticles are stimulated by visible light entering the eye – and if a quantum dot is stimulated while it is in close proximity to a neural cell, it triggers an action potential in that cell which is interpreted as vision by the brain.
Optogenetics (from Greek optikós 'seen, visible') most commonly refers to a biological technique that involves the use of light to control neurons that have been genetically modified to express light-sensitive ion channels.
One of the main issues with the Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology is the physical limitation in terms of the feature sizing [143].
To address this issue, Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) seems to be a promising enabler, which is a nano-scale computing mechanism and serves as a basis for binary computation which has fundamental differences from the current transistor technology [144,145].
In other words, QCA utilizes cells of quantum dots to store and transfer information, with each cell comprising of four quantum dots structured at the corners of a square. ...
Semiconductor quantum dots are promising hosts for qubits to build a quantum processor.
Quantum dots are tiny particles or nanocrystals of a semiconducting material with diameters in the range of 2-10 nanometers (10-50 atoms). They were first discovered in 1980.
