Life was tough in 17th century Amsterdam, winters were very cold. This extraordinary painting by Jan de Bray (1662) makes you think about what it was like for migrants from warmer areas like Angola, Sao Tome or Pernambuco to live in the cities of the Dutch Republic? https://twitter.com/voetnoot/status/1343827162990833666
One poignant example is that of the 18 year old black woman Maria Gay who was baptized in the @Zuiderkerk in the 1650's. After her feet were frozen, her legs were amputaded in the hospital in Amsterdam.
Of course this story also reminds us of the well known black street figure in Amsterdam 'Swarte Claas', more than a century later.
Short blog: Winter in the 17th century https://voetnoot.org/2020/12/29/winter-in-the-17th-century/