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#Ossetian for the Caucasian #carp is сардзан (Ir. šarzan, Digor. sarʣan) or сазан (Ir. šažan, Digor. sazan), both loaned from Turkic, the latter perhaps via Russian саза́н (sazán).
According to Dybo et al.'s reconstruction Proto-Turkic distinguished between ...
According to Dybo et al.'s reconstruction Proto-Turkic distinguished between ...
... *çortan ('eel, pike') and *sāŗV-ğan ('carp, dragon, snake').
Modern reflexes of both these exist, e.g., in Khakass сортан (sortan) & сазан (sazan) and Kumyk чортан (çortan) & сазан (sazan), but usually one or the other is found. E.g., Chuvash ҫӑрттан (śărttan) < *çortan, ...
Modern reflexes of both these exist, e.g., in Khakass сортан (sortan) & сазан (sazan) and Kumyk чортан (çortan) & сазан (sazan), but usually one or the other is found. E.g., Chuvash ҫӑрттан (śărttan) < *çortan, ...
... Bashkir һаҙан (haδan) < *sāŗV-ğan.
The reconstruction *çortan is pretty straightforward, but *sāŗV-ğan is more interesting. The reconstructed phoneme */ŗ/ divides the Turkic family into Chuvash-Bulgar (represented today only by Chuvash) and the rest of Turkic. In the ...
The reconstruction *çortan is pretty straightforward, but *sāŗV-ğan is more interesting. The reconstructed phoneme */ŗ/ divides the Turkic family into Chuvash-Bulgar (represented today only by Chuvash) and the rest of Turkic. In the ...
... non-Chuvash-Bulgar languages, this */ŗ/ becomes */z/ (further shifted to /δ/ in much of Turkmen and postvocalically in Bashkir). In Chuvash-Bulgar, it merges with the inherited */r/. E.g., Chuvash сӑкар (sakăr) v. Volga Tatar сигез (siɡez) and Bashkir һигеҙ (higeδ) ('8').
So, that explains the */z/ in reflexes of *sāŗV-ğan, like Turkmen sazan (= θāδan), Turkish sazan, Tuvan сазан (sazan), Bashkir һаҙан (haδan) etc.
The */ğ/ is reconstructed because of Middle Turkic evidence, where سَزْغَن (sazğan) — /ğ/ still in tact. The unknown vowel ...
The */ğ/ is reconstructed because of Middle Turkic evidence, where سَزْغَن (sazğan) — /ğ/ still in tact. The unknown vowel ...
... notated */V/ is probably to abide by some reconstructed phonotactic constraint, but I don't know enough about Turkic to gauge its necessity.
Finally, that *çortan which gives Ossetic сардзан (Ir. šarzan, Digor. sarʣan) has plenty of modern reflexes most of which are ...
Finally, that *çortan which gives Ossetic сардзан (Ir. šarzan, Digor. sarʣan) has plenty of modern reflexes most of which are ...
... easily identifiable. E.g., Turkish çortan, Volga Tatar чуртан (çurtan, Kazan śurtan), Bashkir sortan (сортан) Uzbek choʻrtan (= çɵrtan), Khakass сортан (sortan), Tuvan, Kazakh, Shor шортан (şortan), Kyrgyz чортон (çorton), Yakut сордоҥ (sordoŋ), Dolgan һордоҥ (hordoŋ) etc.
Wait, @katharinegk, that "carp" thing didn't happen with me. No fair!
