Use of cough syrups for children with acute cough...
Cough is an important reflex for ensuring health of the respiratory tract.
Cough may be initiated voluntarily or induced by a spectrum of stimuli.
How safe are over the counter medications for cough? Are they effective?
...how do these medications work?
..there is no evidence that these medications are better than placebo (i.e. no treatment)

They also have adverse effects.
..what are the contents of these medicines for cough?

-some have 4 combined drugs

-some of the contents are not safe for children < 2 years e.g promethazone
Researchers in Kenya noted young infants (less than 3 months) given cough syrup.

-safety of children in jeopardy
WHO does not recommend use of cough syrups for children.
...other regulatory organs including FDA in US discourage use of these medicines.
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