(1/4) I looked into Dec 500mb height over 40-70°N/30-60°E, since 1979, and found the years that were the highest/lowest (strong agreement with ERA-5). I wanted to know if there was any strat relationship with Jan. While composites are noteworthy, correlations are questionable.
(2/4) Using 30mb height (so you can gauge how the lower and upper might have looked with 1 image), you can see a strong mirror image between the two groups for December. The anticyclone composite from the first tweet is on the left in this tweet.
(3/4) If we roll the 30mb composites forward into Jan, again you'll see the obvious difference. This wasn't adjusted for any other factor, like ENSO, just a basic composite-forward. Despite this excellent symmetry, I didn't find a compelling r with basic MERRA-2 strat variables.
(4/4) The AO/NAO correlations were not significant for Jan and Feb (but inverse relationship existed). There is a tendency for a -NAO/AO following the anticyclonic December years. Here are the SLP anomaly composites for Jan, following high (left) and low (right) Dec:
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