Between recent work stuff and catching up on the excellent @GundamPodcast, I've been re-researching the geography of the original Mobile Suit Gundam story and its "One Year War" setting. For now, a Twitter-thread resource drop...
I think the first detailed maps were published in Tokuma Shoten's "Roman Album Extra" books. This one based on the TV series was published in December 1980, before the first movie compilation was released. Yellow areas of Earth are Zeon territory.
The followup volumes of the Roman Album Extra series devoted to the movie compilations used the same territory map, just better drawn. These are essentially identical to those in the vintage movie programs that @OZKai recently shared.
Anyway, that takes us through mid-1982. In 1984 we get Kodansha's "MSV Technical & History" pocket book series, with a rather different map. Here, black areas are Zeon territory, and gray areas are the main combat zones.
Also from the MSV books: A diagram of the damage from the Operation British colony drop, the landing sites for Zeon's Earth invasion, and Zeon territory as of the end of the war.
All of these were reprised in slightly cleaned-up form in 2001's "Gundam Officials" encyclopedia, and they've been pretty much established as official ever since.
For example, in episode 3 of MS Igloo (2004), we can see the MSV map behind Oliver. This is around the end of October, U.C. 0079, on the eve of Operation Odessa.
Interestingly, in episode 2 of MS Igloo (set around the beginning of May, U.C. 0079), a propaganda film shows the landing sites (roughly as per the MSV books) and then the territorial status quo - a unique new data point!
Comparing the May and October maps gives us some interesting ideas about what happened between the Earth invasion and Operation Odessa. Lots of action in Eurasia, with Zeon linking up its continental territory by conquering India. But I digress.
The opening credits of MS Igloo 2: The Gravity Front (2008-2009) once again reproduce the MSV map, so I think that's pretty solidly officialized now.
In MS Igloo 2 episode 3, we also get an animated map showing the Federation advance into Europe during Operation Odessa. This begins with General Revil's departure from my hometown of Southampton, and ends with the siege of M'Quve's mining base.
At this point we're getting into specific operations, though, so we've drifted a bit from the original topic. More later! Time to get back to work!
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