Morgan asked me if Cyborg 009 was the origin of superheroes with flowing scarves and I am having trouble finding anyone earlier. We were thinking it came from WWI flying aces but, interestingly, Biggles's scarf wasn't prominent until his film in the 1980s, AFTER Cyborg 009.
Snoopy's first appearance as the WWI flying ace was 1965, the year after Cyborg 009! So I'm betting there must have been a WWI film out with big billowing scarves that both Charles Schultz and Shotaro Ishinomori had seen in the early 60s. Let me know if you can think of any.