How cold do COVID vaccines need to be?

AstraZeneca, J&J - like the flu vaccine, warmer than ice cream at home

Moderna - a bit colder, like the chickenpox vaccine, warmer than the South Pole

Pfizer -60-80C, temp of shipped ice cream and steaks

WSJ 9/20
https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-vaccine-race-turns-deep-freezers-into-a-hot-commodity-11599217201

Just to note: when the vaccine is administered, it isn't that cold. Vaccines need to be stored at these temps, but no one is being vaccinated with a negative 70 degree C needle.

Each vaccine will have a specific protocol - a range of acceptable temperatures for storage, amount of time the vaccine can be kept at higher temperatures (some as long as a week), how long multi-use vials can be used (possibly just hours fo 10 doses). All affect practicalities.

The specifics of the vaccines selected will require specific infrastructure, especially fridges. Sub zero (-60 to -80) will require freezers not available in standard clinics around the world. Even -20C for varicella vaccines required clinics to buy new fridges(no mini fridges)