What activists mean by equity generally is NOT "closing remaining gaps" and investing the same amount of money or time in each citizen. Instead, the goal is investing DIFFERENT amounts of money/time in different groups of citizens, to ensure all arrive at the same outcome.

(2) An example of equality would be: TRULY equalizing funding/tech access across school districts so that poor kids - POC and white - have equal access to STEM degrees. An example of equity would be: using AA and perhaps differential grading to ensure 14% of STEM grads are Black.

(3) These may still sound similar, but the key difference is that, in equity models, final OUTCOMES are used as the metric for evaluation. I.e., we can tell whether women and men have equal shots at STEM simply by looking at whether women make up exactly 52% of engineers.