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Hi, I'm Samatha, a grad student from India and I'm really excited to be part of the #GlobalScienceShow 
I will take you through a journey to get to know a group of biomolecules called #NonCodingRNA
Next up is @sri_vrushian
#Pint20 #GlaSciFest
I will take you through a journey to get to know a group of biomolecules called #NonCodingRNA
Next up is @sri_vrushian
#Pint20 #GlaSciFest
First things first.
What is RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
Sounds familiar?
In recent times you would have heard about RNA, because #SARS_CoV_2 is a RNA virus
Let's get to Biology
101:
The Central dogma of Biology states that
DNA
RNA Protein
What is RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
Sounds familiar?
In recent times you would have heard about RNA, because #SARS_CoV_2 is a RNA virus
Let's get to Biology
101:The Central dogma of Biology states that
DNA RNA Protein
Which means that in *most* living beings,
The genetic material (DNA for instance in humans
) is the template
For making the messenger RNA, which is the instruction manual
To make building blocks of cells
called proteins 
Sounds pretty simple right?
Alas, no
The genetic material (DNA
for instance in humans) is the templateFor making the messenger RNA, which is the instruction manual
To make building blocks of cells
called proteins Sounds pretty simple right?
Alas, no
In 1990, Scientists
embarked upon the #HumanGenomeProject
Aim
To read the 3.3 billion letters long human DNA
Expected outcome
To read the DNA 'code' of all the 'genes' that make proteins
Years and 
2.7 billion 
later, the #HGP was completed
BUT..
embarked upon the #HumanGenomeProject Aim
To read the 3.3 billion letters long human DNA
Expected outcome
To read the DNA 'code' of all the 'genes' that make proteins
Years and 2.7 billion later, the #HGP was completedBUT..
They expected to find lot of genes in human DNA
That explain human complexity
Instead the protein 'coding' DNA was just 1-2%
The rest was stretches of DNA with no apparent ability to make proteins
They were disheartened
Thus was born the term "Junk DNA"
That explain human complexity
Instead the protein 'coding' DNA was just 1-2%
The rest was stretches of DNA with no apparent ability to make proteins
They were disheartened
Thus was born the term "Junk DNA"
A Scientist Dr. John Mattick reasoned that "junk DNA" can't exist for no reason 
Because cells like to save energy
*Duh*
After #HGP, another project #ENCODE showed that most of junk DNA is active
, make RNA, which DO NOT make proteins 
That's 70-80% of 3.3 Gb DNA!
reasoned that "junk DNA" can't exist for no reason Because cells like to save energy
*Duh*After #HGP, another project #ENCODE showed that most of junk DNA is active
, make RNA, which DO NOT make proteins That's 70-80% of 3.3 Gb DNA!
Thousands of #NonCodingRNA have been identified in eukaryotes in the last two decades
They are found in eukaryotes from yeast to plants to mammals
Dr. Mattick's hypotheses
opened up a whole new field of biology of #NonCodingRNA
They are found in eukaryotes from yeast to plants to mammals
Dr. Mattick's hypotheses
opened up a whole new field of biology of #NonCodingRNA
Phase 3 data of #ENCODE project was released few days ago 
But there were non coding RNAs known even before #HGP and #ENCODE
A well studied long non coding RNA #XIST is important to switch off one of the X-chromosomes in female mammalian cells
There's more
But there were non coding RNAs known even before #HGP and #ENCODE
A well studied long non coding RNA #XIST is important to switch off one of the X-chromosomes in female mammalian cells
There's more
Although it took Dr. Mattick many years to convince others about the magic of #NonCodingRNA, the field is now one of the expanding horizons of Biology
https://twitter.com/Non_Coding_RNA/status/1277547911593766912?s=20
of #NonCodingRNA, the field is now one of the expanding horizons of Biology https://twitter.com/Non_Coding_RNA/status/1277547911593766912?s=20
Like I said it's just the beginning of the #NonCodingRNA field and we have barely scraped at the tip of the iceberg 
#NonCodingRNA biology is so cool that even @MCHammer loves it @OdedRechavi https://twitter.com/MCHammer/status/1299209165932433408?s=20
#NonCodingRNA biology is so cool
that even @MCHammer loves it @OdedRechavi https://twitter.com/MCHammer/status/1299209165932433408?s=20
Finally, here's a story about my little project on a long non coding RNA or #lncRNA that I wrote a year ago.
If you have stayed with me till now, do give it a read
https://genomicsin.blogspot.com/2020/03/a-stripy-hand-to-get-flow.html?fbclid=IwAR3qU6MjqQOT4yqFDagtlLxfsCDcKJ2HxZcEsR9tQJLVCP1SCc_mOPcpZa0&m=1
If you have stayed with me till now, do give it a read
https://genomicsin.blogspot.com/2020/03/a-stripy-hand-to-get-flow.html?fbclid=IwAR3qU6MjqQOT4yqFDagtlLxfsCDcKJ2HxZcEsR9tQJLVCP1SCc_mOPcpZa0&m=1
