Looking through a lot ESG indices and tech companies feature heavily here. Sure, so Microsoft, Facebook, Google & Apple perhaps do not have individually generate a large, stinky carbon footprint, but contemplate their supply chains & routes to market...

Supply chain: Chips, circuits & exotic metals need to be mined. In fact, they wouldn't be mined if we didn't have these tech companies. Also, all the plastic that goes into their products. Finally, everything that goes into telcos networks we use for data fo these tech services.

Routes-to-Market: Contemplate if we would need wireless, routers, data centers & so on, in a world without these tech companies?

ESG is an important principle for investing, but it is nearly impossible to quantify neatly. Thus, all these ESG indices, ETFs & funds are mostly just buzz-word-based tick-boxes being gamed by a few lucky companies and little except poor asset allocation happens here.

Sustainability is important for investing, but it isn't new. Before "sustainability investing" was a buzzword, what did everyone do? Who out there invested in "unsustainable businesses"?!? Sustainability's always been part of investing & is captured in your DCF's terminal year.