The 19th amendment was ratified 100 years ago today, giving women the vote.

In practice, only white women were guaranteed that right.

Black, Native and other minority women — including key suffragettes — stayed disenfranchised for decades by Jim Crow laws and racist policies.

The 19th Amendment gave women the vote, but many Native American women were denied it for decades, due to:

- No citizenship until 1924
- Language restrictions
- Racist policies that had disenfranchised Black people, like literacy tests

Some barriers were not banned until 1982.

Women got the vote in 1920, but most first generation Asian immigrants could not become citizens until 1952.

Even after the VRA, many Asian, Latino, Native and "language minority" voters were disenfranchised by language restrictions.

Most barriers weren't lifted until 1975.

Women got the vote in 1920, but many Latino voters stayed disenfranchised by racist policies like literacy tests.

It wasn't until 1975 that "language minorities" — including Latino, Asian and Native voters — got more protections, or allowed non-English voting materials.

White women got the vote in 1920.

But Black women were routinely denied that right through racist Jim Crow policies like poll taxes until 1965.

Today, Black voters are still disproportionately disenfranchised via:
- voter purges
- felony disenfranchisement
- longer voting lines