For centuries per capita incomes hardly increased but then suddenly over the last couple of centuries (albeit at different times in different places) they exploded.

When economies change, societies change. Zero sum calculations get reduced. Lindy Effect w.r.t caste elides this:)

That does not mean it would be all linear, preordained. Rapid growth is severely disorienting socially for all its material (and social) benefits.

Urbanisation understandably stokes anxieties of homogenisation. Plus the later countries to boom grow faster, hence even more churn.

I will add two thoughts:

Dharmic worldviews are especially well tuned to adjust to change, because of the flexibility inbuilt at their cores. We seek and we partake in rituals/festivals more than we “believe”.

Second, unlike some I think net social result of growth is positive.

It is not just about caste but also about sex and religion. Indeed they are all related. Even language.

Whatever most people think the trajectory of change will be, it is likely to be faster. The human mind does not process exponential very well as this pandemic has again shown.