Kings and Queens of Scotland - A Timeline

HOUSE OF ALPIN
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Kenneth I – 843 – 13th February 858
Son of Alpin, King of Dal Riata
Identity of wife not known
Kenneth united the kingdoms of Scotland after defeating other rivals for the position.

Donald I – 13th February 858 – 13th April 862
Son of Alpin, King of Dal Riata
Did not marrry
Succeeded his brother Kenneth as King of Scotland.

Constantine I – 13th April 862 – 877
Son of Kenneth I
Identity of wife not knwon
Succeeded his uncle as King. He faced increasing Viking raids and died in battle against the Vikings at Inverdorat, Angus. The exact date of his death is not known.

Aedh – 877 – 878
Son of Kenneth I
Identity of wife not known
Became King after his brother’s death. He was killed at Strathallan in 878, the exact date is unknown.

Eochaid – 878 – 889
Son of Run Macarthagail, King of Strathclyde and a daughter of Kenneth I
Unmarried
Became King after the death of Aedh. He is linked with a man named Giric who may have ruled with him, sharing the Kingdom or may have opposed his rule.

The exact dates of his reign are not known. He was deposed and possibly murdered by his cousin Donald.

Donald II – 889 – 900
Son of Constantine I
Identity of wife not known
Donald became King of Scotland after deposing and/or murdering Aedh. He was killed, possibly in battle, at Dunnattar. The exact dates of his reign are not known.

Constantine II – 900 – 943
Son of King Aedh
Identity of wife not known
Succeeded his cousin Donald as King. He faced continual invasions by the Vikings. Scotland was also invaded by King Aethelstan of England who forced Constantine to submit to him. In 937 he invaded England

but was defeated at the Battle of Brunanburh. He abdicated the throne in 943. The exact dates of his reign are not known.

Malcolm I – 943 – 954
Son of King Donald II
Identity of wife not known
Succeeded his father’s cousin as King, since Constantine II’s son, Indulf, was considered too young to rule. He made peace with the English King Edmund. He died in battle against the English or

Eric Bloodaxe. Exact dates of his reign are not known.

Indulf 954 – 962
Son of King Constantine II
Identity of wife not known
Indulf succeeded following the death of Malcolm I. He died in battle against the Vikings.

Duff(Dud) – 962 – 967
Son of King Malcolm I
Identity of wife not known
He faced a continual challenge to his place on the throne from the son of King Indulf.

Colin – 967 – 971
Son of King Indulf
Identity of wife not known
Became King after the death of Duff. Much of his short reign was spent trying to maintain control of Strathclyde. He was murdered by the brother of the King of Strathclyde who Colin had murdered.

The exact dates of his reign are not known.

Kenneth II – 971 – 995
Son of Malcolm I
Married a princess of Leinster
Kenneth became King after the murder of Indulf. He strengthened ties with Ireland through his marriage to help fend off attacks by the Vikings. He was murdered after ruling for 24 years.

Constantine III – 995 – 997
Son of King Colin
Identity of wife not known
Succeeded following the murder of his third cousin, Kenneth II. He was killed after at Rathinveramon either by or on the orders of Kenneth III.

Kenneth III 997 – 25th March 1005
Son of King Duff
Identity of wife not known
Succeeded following the death of Constantine III. He was killed in battle at Monzievaird, Perth, by his cousin, Malcolm.

Malcolm II 25th March 1005 – 25th November 1034
Son of Kenneth II
Identity of wife not known
Became King following the death of Kenneth III. He tried to take land in England but was beaten at Durham by Uhtred the Bold in 1016. Two years later he secured victory at Carham to

take land in Northumbria. He ordered the murder of the grandson of Kenneth III so that his own grandson could succeed.

HOUSE OF DUNKELD to follow...