The best cultures are:

1) Built through a shared set of virtues. Beliefs that transfer seamlessly into the daily behaviors and actions of the group.

(a thread)

2) Values can be stagnant (unless they are specifically paired with a corresponding behavior) but virtues assume the inevitability of action. Great cultures are built on a set of shared virtues.

3) Great cultures are defined by the sum of all the actions of everyone in the group. In particular, the actions that take place when the boss isn't in the room. If you want a real snapshot of culture, pay attention to what happens when the boss is gone.

4) Great cultures are modeled in the image of the most visible or influential leader. If the purpose, virtues, and behaviors don't align with the beliefs of the leader, the culture doesn't stand a chance.

5) Culture is difficult to build and easy to destroy. The deposits of trust that are required to build culture can easily be reversed with one poor decision.

6) Culture needs to constantly be reinforced. Vision leaks and behaviors slip. The guardrails that keep culture headed in the wrong direction must be constantly maintained to avoid slippage.

7) Weak culture is prone to stagnation, it veers towards the path of least resistance. The best leaders give vivid signals for the direction and purpose they want their culture to go.

8) Great culture feels safe enough to make mistakes and communicate with honesty (even when its difficult). No one is above correction or transparency. The top leaders set the tone with their willingness to learn and admit mistakes.