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This is an astonishing paragraph: https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/mission-impossible-boriss-attempt-to-rewire-the-british-government
As @jdportes said: "Where to even start?" So much mis-understanding in a few short sentences.
Data and modelling are two different things. No model can be built without data. Models attempt to either explain past behaviour or predict the future. And that data are a series of measurements rather than predictions.
Or that models usually incorporate assumptions as well as data in order to predict the future. That may well turn out to be wrong. And that data can also turn out to be incorrect because it quite easy to take incorrect measurements.
Neither data nor modelling are "science" - it is the two together. Science is about making observation, theorising why that phenomena might occur and then designing an experiment - collecting data - to see if that theory is correct or not.
Even if it looks like your experiment proves your theory, it might not be the case. There might be something else you have captured which you are not aware of.
Science takes a rigourous approach but despite this rigour, things may well be less binary than it appears.
The purpose of a model is to give you some idea of how things could turn out in the future. It allows you to prepare for all eventualities. They are a way to reduce risks. They do not turn you into a clairvoyant.
