Read on Twitter
1a/
THREAD
on why #BlackLivesMatter 
This week I presented to my GP practice about this topic covering:
Socio-economic/health differences
Genetics/Race science
History @DavidOlusoga
Being anti-racist/education
@jhalakprize
:
THREAD
on why #BlackLivesMatter This week I presented to my GP practice about this topic covering:
Socio-economic/health differences
Genetics/Race science
History @DavidOlusoga
Being anti-racist/education
@jhalakprize
:
1b/
It's designed to start conversations and be concise. You have to put the work in to work on yourselves to be anti-racist.
Please feel free to distribute.
If there are parts that are wrong, I am happy to amend/take down. @MelaninMedics @olamide_dada @KhadijaOwusu
It's designed to start conversations and be concise. You have to put the work in to work on yourselves to be anti-racist.
Please feel free to distribute.
If there are parts that are wrong, I am happy to amend/take down. @MelaninMedics @olamide_dada @KhadijaOwusu
1c/
Please circulate if it resonates @Dr_Ayan @OrthopodReg @yvonnecoghill1 @trishgreenhalgh @AmeenKam @omaromalleykhan @aftertheletters @RoshanaMN @parthaskar @JohnBoyega @SoniaAdesara @raceandhealth
Also call me out if I've got stuff wrong too/can be better.
Please circulate if it resonates @Dr_Ayan @OrthopodReg @yvonnecoghill1 @trishgreenhalgh @AmeenKam @omaromalleykhan @aftertheletters @RoshanaMN @parthaskar @JohnBoyega @SoniaAdesara @raceandhealth
Also call me out if I've got stuff wrong too/can be better.
2a/
Huge societal differences:
Ethnic minorities inc black people more likely to be poor compared to white people (45% vs 28%, 2019): https://cpag.org.uk/child-poverty/child-poverty-facts-and-figures
Huge societal differences:
Ethnic minorities inc black people more likely to be poor compared to white people (45% vs 28%, 2019): https://cpag.org.uk/child-poverty/child-poverty-facts-and-figures
2b/
Black children in the UK are 70% more likely to be excluded from school. See Timpson review (2019): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/807862/Timpson_review.pdf
Black children in the UK are 70% more likely to be excluded from school. See Timpson review (2019): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/807862/Timpson_review.pdf
2c/
Black people are more likely to be unemployed compared to white people (9% vs 4%, 2019): https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/work-pay-and-benefits/unemployment-and-economic-inactivity/unemployment/latest#by-ethnicity
Black people are more likely to be unemployed compared to white people (9% vs 4%, 2019): https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/work-pay-and-benefits/unemployment-and-economic-inactivity/unemployment/latest#by-ethnicity
2d/
Black people are more likely to suffer work stress compared to white people (30% vs 18%, 2000): https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/2000/crr00265.pdf
Black people (and many minorities) feel they are less likely to be promoted (32% vs 23%, 2017): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/594336/race-in-workplace-mcgregor-smith-review.pdf
Black people are more likely to suffer work stress compared to white people (30% vs 18%, 2000): https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/2000/crr00265.pdf
Black people (and many minorities) feel they are less likely to be promoted (32% vs 23%, 2017): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/594336/race-in-workplace-mcgregor-smith-review.pdf
2e/
Ethnic minorities including black people, adults and youths are more likely to be in prison (2017): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/643001/lammy-review-final-report.pdf
Ethnic minorities including black people, adults and youths are more likely to be in prison (2017): https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/643001/lammy-review-final-report.pdf
3a/
Many health disparities:
"Black women are 5 times more likely to die in pregnancy ( @mbrrace)
Black men are twice as likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and proportionately more die of it.
Many health disparities:
"Black women are 5 times more likely to die in pregnancy ( @mbrrace)
Black men are twice as likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and proportionately more die of it.
3b/
"Black people are more likely to have severe mental health symptoms, but less likely to receive treatment for them. Black people more likely to be sectioned
South Asian and Black people are 3-5x more likely to start dialysis.
"Black people are more likely to have severe mental health symptoms, but less likely to receive treatment for them. Black people more likely to be sectioned
South Asian and Black people are 3-5x more likely to start dialysis.
3c/
"South Asian and Black people are 3-5x more likely to be diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes.
Black people are more likely to have hypertension.
Black people are more likely to be diagnosed with asthma.
Heterosexual Black men more likely to receive a late diagnosis of HIV
"South Asian and Black people are 3-5x more likely to be diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes.
Black people are more likely to have hypertension.
Black people are more likely to be diagnosed with asthma.
Heterosexual Black men more likely to receive a late diagnosis of HIV
3d/
Higher rates of sexually transmitted infections are highest in Black communities especially Black Caribbean.
Read @crageshri's @BMJLeader post for more:
https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjleader/2020/06/15/evaluating-values-by-rageshri-dhairyawan/
Watch @DorothyERoberts talk about race-based medicine here:
Higher rates of sexually transmitted infections are highest in Black communities especially Black Caribbean.
Read @crageshri's @BMJLeader post for more:
https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjleader/2020/06/15/evaluating-values-by-rageshri-dhairyawan/
Watch @DorothyERoberts talk about race-based medicine here:
4/ Many people might say there are inherent genetic differences between black people and white people but genetics cannot explain this.
It's socio-economic factors that are the likely contributor: https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08123.x
It's socio-economic factors that are the likely contributor: https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08123.x
5a/ If anything the genetics differences between members of the SAME race are likely to be BIGGER than differences between members of DIFFERENT races: https://www.genetics.org/content/176/1/351.long
There are bigger genetic differences between 2 black people than a white person and a black person
There are bigger genetic differences between 2 black people than a white person and a black person
5b/
Read more Angela Saini's book (cc @jesswade) "Superior" in all good book shops and libraries.
Here's a short clip:
Read more Angela Saini's book (cc @jesswade) "Superior" in all good book shops and libraries.
Here's a short clip:
6a/
From @AdamRutherford:
“We think of certain areas, lands or people being isolated either physically or culturally, and these boundaries are insurmountable.
But that is neither what history nor genetics tells us.
No nation is static, no people are pure…
From @AdamRutherford:
“We think of certain areas, lands or people being isolated either physically or culturally, and these boundaries are insurmountable. But that is neither what history nor genetics tells us.
No nation is static, no people are pure…
6b/
"Neither race nor racism has foundations in science.
Race is real because we perceive, racism is real because we enact it."
Short video here:
"Neither race nor racism has foundations in science.Race is real because we perceive, racism is real because we enact it."
Short video here:
7/
British Empire / colonisation is not taught in secondary schools but there is a clear need to teach about
benefits: shared language, trade
legacy: huge human cost of slave trade (14 million enslaved), rape, pillage, etc
@RunnymedeTrust: https://www.runnymedetrust.org/projects-and-publications/education/runnymede-tide-project-teaching-migration-report.html
British Empire / colonisation is not taught in secondary schools but there is a clear need to teach about
benefits: shared language, trade
legacy: huge human cost of slave trade (14 million enslaved), rape, pillage, etc
@RunnymedeTrust: https://www.runnymedetrust.org/projects-and-publications/education/runnymede-tide-project-teaching-migration-report.html
8a/
Particularly worrying to watch the "Doll Test" in PRE-SCHOOL children and identify prejudices in a black doll and white doll:
Particularly worrying to watch the "Doll Test" in PRE-SCHOOL children and identify prejudices in a black doll and white doll:
8b/
It's hardly surprising given the lack of representation of ethnic minorities including black people in children's books (5% books vs 14% population: https://www.booktrust.org.uk/globalassets/resources/represents/booktrust-represents-diversity-childrens-authors-illustrators-report.pdf
Or young adults (8% books vs 14% population): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12109-018-9600-5
It's hardly surprising given the lack of representation of ethnic minorities including black people in children's books (5% books vs 14% population: https://www.booktrust.org.uk/globalassets/resources/represents/booktrust-represents-diversity-childrens-authors-illustrators-report.pdf
Or young adults (8% books vs 14% population): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12109-018-9600-5
9/
Angela Davis
“In a racist society it is not enough to be non-racist, we must be anti-racist.”
@IjeomaOluo "Anti-racism is the commitment to fight racism wherever you find it, including in yourself. And it’s the only way forward."
: https://cupofjo.com/2020/05/on-becoming-anti-racist/
Angela Davis
“In a racist society it is not enough to be non-racist, we must be anti-racist.”@IjeomaOluo
"Anti-racism is the commitment to fight racism wherever you find it, including in yourself. And it’s the only way forward.": https://cupofjo.com/2020/05/on-becoming-anti-racist/
10/
Read about black history, search @DavidOlusoga anywhere online and he's written a huge book called "Black and British":
@Twitter - please can you verify him? He's a leading authority on black history in this country!
Read about black history, search @DavidOlusoga anywhere online and he's written a huge book called "Black and British":
@Twitter - please can you verify him? He's a leading authority on black history in this country!
11/
Watch films/documentaries
When They See Us (Netflix)
Dear White People (Netflix)
Malcolm X
12 Years A Slave
Hidden Figures
13th (Netflix):
Watch films/documentaries
When They See Us (Netflix)
Dear White People (Netflix)
Malcolm X
12 Years A Slave
Hidden Figures
13th (Netflix):
12/
Read:
'The Good Immigrant' ed @nikeshshukla
'How to Argue with a Racist' @AdamRutherford
"Why I'm not talking to white people about race" @renireni
"Superior: The return of race science" by @angeladsaini (cc @jesswade)
Read:
'The Good Immigrant' ed @nikeshshukla
'How to Argue with a Racist' @AdamRutherford
"Why I'm not talking to white people about race" @renireni
"Superior: The return of race science" by @angeladsaini (cc @jesswade)
13
Read:
“The Autobiography of Malcolm X"
"Black and British" @DavidOlusoga
"Brit-ish" @afuahirsch
"The Good Immigrant USA" ed @nikeshshukla @chimenesuleyman
Read:
“The Autobiography of Malcolm X"
"Black and British" @DavidOlusoga
"Brit-ish" @afuahirsch
"The Good Immigrant USA" ed @nikeshshukla @chimenesuleyman
14/
"Natives" @akalamusic
"White Fragility" Robin Di Angelo
"Me and White Supremacy" - Layla F Saad
"How to be an antiracist" @DrIbram
"Natives" @akalamusic
"White Fragility" Robin Di Angelo
"Me and White Supremacy" - Layla F Saad
"How to be an antiracist" @DrIbram
16/
Watch/listen to @Santandave1's powerful message about what it means to be black and British at the @BRITAwards:
I've written about what it means here: https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1269196563668258816.html
Watch/listen to @Santandave1's powerful message about what it means to be black and British at the @BRITAwards:
I've written about what it means here: https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1269196563668258816.html
17/
@rizwanahmed goes deeper into what the question "Where you from?" and what it means:
I explore this in a blog here: https://medium.com/@dipeshgopal/where-you-from-9ee5d1a4320c
@rizwanahmed goes deeper into what the question "Where you from?" and what it means:
I explore this in a blog here: https://medium.com/@dipeshgopal/where-you-from-9ee5d1a4320c
18/
I would look at @whynotadoc about a different take on science: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/why-arent-you-a-doctor-yet/id1304737490
I would look at @whynotadoc about a different take on science: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/why-arent-you-a-doctor-yet/id1304737490
19/
Check out the @jhalakprize here (cc @ProfSunnySingh @nikeshshukla @WritersofColour: https://www.jhalakprize.com/
Great reading lists in their short and long lists here.
Congrats to @johnypitts for winning this year. Need to read your book mate!
Check out the @jhalakprize here (cc @ProfSunnySingh @nikeshshukla @WritersofColour: https://www.jhalakprize.com/
Great reading lists in their short and long lists here.
Congrats to @johnypitts for winning this year. Need to read your book mate!
20/
My second video is on facing our prejudices and the unconscious mind (bias):
Real patient experience
@accentbias with Trevor Noah
Discussion of the implicit association test
The importance of facing our prejudices
My second video is on facing our prejudices and the unconscious mind (bias):
Real patient experience
@accentbias with Trevor Noah
Discussion of the implicit association test
The importance of facing our prejudices
21/
Our prejudices can colour our interactions with patients and this clearly has an effect for patients with cancer from a minority background:
Read more from the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-cancer-patient-experience-survey-2019
Our prejudices can colour our interactions with patients and this clearly has an effect for patients with cancer from a minority background:
Read more from the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-cancer-patient-experience-survey-2019
22/
Sometimes we might quick decisions without thinking but these might not be the correct ones shown in this 1 minute video discussing the riddle of the boy who is injured and his surgeon ( @bbcthree) https://www.facebook.com/bbcthree/videos/10154573248485787
Sometimes we might quick decisions without thinking but these might not be the correct ones shown in this 1 minute video discussing the riddle of the boy who is injured and his surgeon ( @bbcthree) https://www.facebook.com/bbcthree/videos/10154573248485787
23/
Or maybe this one:
A bat and ball cost ÂŁ1.10
The bat costs ÂŁ1 more than the ball
How much does the ball cost?
Most people say ÂŁ0.10
But the answer is ÂŁ0.05. Our minds make quick irrational decisions all the time:
Or maybe this one:
A bat and ball cost ÂŁ1.10
The bat costs ÂŁ1 more than the ball
How much does the ball cost?
Most people say ÂŁ0.10
But the answer is ÂŁ0.05. Our minds make quick irrational decisions all the time:
24/
Accent bias is real and we associate accents with lots of different things which may not be based on any fact as you can see in this clip with @Trevornoah (6 mins)
Read more about @accentbias.
Accent bias is real and we associate accents with lots of different things which may not be based on any fact as you can see in this clip with @Trevornoah (6 mins)
Read more about @accentbias.
25/
Unconsciously we must be making lots and lots of unconscious decisions.
Google estimate >99% is unconsciously processed as we encounter too much information to process consciously.
Read more from @patcroskerry in @BMJ_Qual_Saf: https://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/22/Suppl_2/ii58
Unconsciously we must be making lots and lots of unconscious decisions.
Google estimate >99% is unconsciously processed as we encounter too much information to process consciously.
Read more from @patcroskerry in @BMJ_Qual_Saf: https://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/22/Suppl_2/ii58
26/
We can measure our biases @ProjectImplicit: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/
But many argue this is a crude tool and we don't really know what it measures.
It could identify and therefore unlearn your prejudices but it's not a cure for racism.
We can measure our biases @ProjectImplicit: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/
But many argue this is a crude tool and we don't really know what it measures.
It could identify and therefore unlearn your prejudices but it's not a cure for racism.
27/
I found this video by @MedCrisis particularly insightful, engaging and funny about why doctors make mistakes (17 minutes):
I found this video by @MedCrisis particularly insightful, engaging and funny about why doctors make mistakes (17 minutes):
28/
But perhaps a written list that is practical for clinicians can be found here: https://www.mededportal.org/doi/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10000
CAVEAT: one clear 'debiasing' strategies has not found to have worked to decrease bias. It's disputed about how to quantify bias
I've compiled a list here:
But perhaps a written list that is practical for clinicians can be found here: https://www.mededportal.org/doi/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10000
CAVEAT: one clear 'debiasing' strategies has not found to have worked to decrease bias. It's disputed about how to quantify bias
I've compiled a list here:
29/
Choose to be uncomfortable: face your prejudices.
Choose to be uncomfortable: face your prejudices.
