Misconception about the collapse of the Ottoman Empire:
A thread :

A lot of past historians viewed the Ottoman empire from the 19th century to the 20th as the "sick man" of Europe, indicating is was probably one of, if not, the weakest of the great powers in Europe.

It was true that the Ottomans had been in a massive rate of decline since the-

"Tulip Period" of the Ottoman empire, with Russian and Austrian influence causing many states in the balk ans to break free, such as Bulgaria, Serbia, Romania, and Greece.

Due to Russian and Austrians benefiting off of Balkan nationalism to expand their influence in the region-

They would constantly fund revolts and go to war with the Ottomans, such as the Crimean War and the Russo-Turkish war of 1829.

Balkan nationalism would be especially high under Sultan Abdulhamid II, who constantly pushed for reformation to no avail. Due to his land selling poli

policies, the Ottoman empire barely had a hold on the balkans, and with Turkish nationalism also on the rise with the rise of the Young Ottomans and the Young Turks, Abdulhamid II would be couped and the young turks would take power.

Just 2 years later, Italy would declare war

on the crumbling Ottoman empire. The Ottomans mainly could not win this war due to a very small force in their Libyan colony and restricted naval access from the UK, allowing Italians with superior weapons and more troops to win the war and fully annex libya

The balkan nations w

would seize an opportunity and declare war on the Ottomans, which would lead in an Ottoman victory and the Ottomans being reduced to Istanbul, Hedjaz, Iraq, Sham, Transjordan, and Anatolia.

Skip to World war 1 and the Ottoman empire was conflicted on joining the war.

Pro German officials like Enver Pasha and Talaat pasha would offer to join the war in favor of the central powers, which they did when people in favor of the war attacked Russian ships, which would force Russia and the Entente to declare war on the Ottomans, thus bringing them in

into the war. The Ottomans did not have much success on the Russian fronts due to not being prepared for the cold mountainous caucuses, a large portion of the armies freezing to death. Groups like Armenians and Assyrians would also revolt as well as the british closed in.

The biggest misconception is that the 3rd Saudi state revolted in favor of Britain. They did NOT revolt, rather it was the Hashemites who allied with britain and revolted against the Ottomans in Iraq and Hedjaz, as well as minority Alawites in Syria.

The only arabs who revolted were the hashemites, who shouldn't have trusted the british because they were left with only hedjaz when promised unification of all of arabia.

Najd (Saudis) would declare war on them later and end hashemite rule over hedjaz and found Saudi Arabia

The hashemites were to be left as british puppets in transjordan and Iraq.

The Ottomans would surrender October 30, 1918. The Ottomans were divided by the treaty of sevres, which the Sultan accepted.

Ataturk and other officials would revolt against this ruling and establish the

modern state of turkey we know today, and abolish the ottoman khilafat, ending Ottoman rule completely.

The ottomans were required to leave the country and have the surname "Osmangolu", however they are allowed to re enter the country now