Many people struggle to "learn to code" due to abstractions. Everything in scripting is an abstraction, but when you must delve six or seven abstractions deep to find out how a small part of the program "works" you can lose track. The same applies to advanced political systems.

We don't debate issues but abstractions of our underlying beliefs. When elites debate "white privilege" they're not really debating "white privilege", they're debating:

7th abstraction: opposition to "white privilege"
6th abstraction: opposition to racism

5th abstraction: support for immigration
4th abstraction: support for cheap labour
3rd abstraction: advance interests of donors
2nd abstraction: migrants traditionally vote for technocracy
1st abstraction: technocracy is superior to limited government (ideology)

How it works: self-interest/tribalism

(There are actually another five or six abstractions in this part of the "system", but the above is just an example of how it's abstracted).

While one person may be looking at "how it works" another person may be mired in the 6th or 7th abstraction and can't process the abstractions to understand "how the system works".

Experience analysing the system inevitably entails

further exploration of the abstractions, hence why older people can see the merits of "the right-wing" position while younger people, who lack experience of the system and how to parse its abstractions, often can't.

Professional political commentators and politicians understand

and often create all the abstractions (they work in and on the system professionally), but the average commentator is often clueless.

In other words, all the moralities and politics of western elites are abstractions and it's people's inability to understand the

abstractions that creates (cultural) conflict.

It's also why conversations are largely impossible in advanced political systems that rely on many layers of abstractions and concealing the internal operations of the "system".